Problem: "Prove that a finite monoid in which the cancellation law holds is a group. "
To prove it, we must show that for all a there is an inverse element.
We know that the monoid in question is finite so:
such that an = e where e is the identity element.
This stems from the fact that monoids are closed under their operation.
an= e implies an-1a= e. So the inverse element is an-1